Anita Setyawati*Ida Maryati**Ermiati**

Rawat gabung merupakan salah satu cara yang sudah digunakan oleh beberapa rumah sakit di Indonesia sebagai upaya mendukung ibu postpartum untuk merawat bayi dengan baik sedini mungkin. Adanya perilaku ibu terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan rawat gabung yang masih belum baik menjadi fenomena dalam penelitian ini. Di mana perilaku terdiri dari pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perilaku ibu postpartum saat pelaksanaan rawat gabung di ruang perawatan.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yang dilakukan terhadap 39 ibu postpartum RSB Muhammadiyah Cirebon dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan kuesioner dan observasi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku ibu postpartum rendah dalam pengetahuan, tidak mendukung dalam sikap, dan kurang dalam tindakan saat pelaksanaan rawat gabung di ruang perawatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, peneliti menyarankan perlu adanya kerja sama antara perawat dan rumah sakit untuk memperkenalkan sejak dini tentang pelaksanaan rawat gabung.

Kata Kunci : Rawat Gabung, Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan, Perilaku, Ibu Postpartum

*Alumni Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran
**Staf Edukatif Bagian Klinik Fakultas Keperawatan Unpad

Indri Ramadini* Ida Maryati**, Ermiati**

Aromaterapi merupakan salah satu cara non farmakologis yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi nyeri haid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui intensitas nyeri haid sebelum dan sesudah diberikan aromaterapi, sehingga didapatkan perbedaan dari intensitas nyeri haid masing-masing responden.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dengan one group pretest and posttest desaign dengan populasi mahasiswi yang mengalami nyeri haid setiap bulannya. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling diperoleh sebanyak 30 orang. Responden yang mengalami nyeri haid diukur intensitas nyerinya (pretest) dengan menggunakan Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), kemudian diberikan satu kali tindakan aromaterapi selama 30 menit. Setelah itu, intensitas nyeri diukur kembali (posttest) dengan alat ukur yang sama.
Analisa data penelitian ini terdiri dari analisa univariat dan bivariat. Analisa univariat dengan menghitung score skala nyeri yang dirasakan responden sebelum dan sesudah intervensi sedangkan analisa bivariat menggunakan uji statistik parametrik t-test of related dengan two tail test, untuk menunjukkan adanya perbedaan intensitas nyeri antara sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara intensitas nyeri haid sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan aromaterapi dengan (p-value t-tabel = 2,36. Dengan adanya perbedaan ini maka disimpulkan bahwa aromaterapi berpengaruh dalam penurunan intensitas nyeri haid.

Kata kunci : Aromaterapi, Nyeri Haid Primer, Intensitas Nyeri

*Alumni Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran
**Staf Edukatif Bagian Klinik Fakultas Keperawatan Unpad

A vaginal self-examination is a way for a woman to look at her vulva and vagina. A vaginal self-examination may help you better understand your body, the changes that take place during the menstrual cycle, and any problems that may need medical attention. See a picture of the vulva.

The best time to do a vaginal self-examination is between your menstrual periods. A vaginal self-examination should not replace a regular pelvic examination by your doctor.

Why It Is Done

A vaginal self-examination can be done to:

• Help you learn more about your body and what is normal for you.
• Help you check for vaginal sores, abnormal discharge, or other problems, such as genital warts.

How To Prepare

To do a vaginal self-examination, you will need:

• A small flashlight or good lighting in the room.
• A handheld mirror with a long handle.

Choose a time when you are not having a menstrual period. Do not use vaginal creams or douches before doing the examination.

How It Is Done

Take off your clothes below the waist. Have the mirror and flashlight where you can easily reach them. Wash your hands. Sit on the floor, a bed, or a couch and support your back with pillows. Bend your knees, place your feet near your bottom, lean slightly backward, and spread your knees apart so your genital area can be seen.

Hold or prop the mirror in front of your genital area. Look at the:

• Outer and inner fleshy lips of the vulva (called the labia).
• Bump of tissue covered by a hood of skin at the front of the labia (called the clitoris). The clitoris is the main area that is stimulated during sexual activity.
• Opening of the urethra where urine drains from your body.
• Opening of the vagina.
• Opening of the anus.

Have the light reflect off the mirror so you can clearly see your vaginal area. Then use your fingers to spread apart the vaginal lips. Adjust the light and mirror until you can see into the vagina. You should be able to see the reddish pink walls of the vagina, which have small folds or ridges known as rugae.

Look at your vaginal discharge. A normal discharge usually is clear to cloudy white, smells slightly acidic (like vinegar), may be thick or thin, and changes a little throughout the menstrual cycle. For more information, see the medical test Fertility Awareness.

How It Feels

Relax your pelvic and belly muscles as much as you can during the vaginal self-examination. You should have little or no discomfort from the examination, unless you have a vaginal infection or an open sore.

Risks

Normally, there are no problems from doing a vaginal self-examination.

Results

A vaginal self-examination is a way for a woman to look at her vulva and vagina. You should tell your doctor about any problems you find.

What Affects the Test

Reasons you may not be able to do a vaginal self-exam include:

• You are having a menstrual period.
• You douched or used vaginal products before the self-examination.

What To Think About

• A vaginal self-examination should not replace a regular pelvic examination and Pap test done by your doctor. For more information, see the medical tests Pelvic Examination and Pap Test.

Other Works Consulted

• Krantz KE (2007). Anatomy of the female reproductive system. In AH DeCherney et al., eds., Current Diagnosis and Treatment Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10th ed., pp. 5–55. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Caranya sama seperti pada pemeriksaan papsmear yaitu dengan membuka vagina dengan menggunakan spekulum untuk mengambil sekresi dari serviks. Petugas laboratorium akan mengidentifikasi suatu protein yang disebut dengan fibronectin yang diproduksi oleh membran fetus. Protein fibronectin ini berguna untuk memelihara kantung kehamilan tetap utuh. Normalnya fibronectin ini akan muncul pada usia awal kehamilan dan hilang setelah usia kehamilan 22 minggu kemudian kembali ada pada usia kehamilan 1 sd 3 minggu menjelang kelahiran. Artinya jika protein fibronectin positif pada rentang usia kehamilan 22 sd 37 mgg maka wanita hamil tersebut diprediksi akan melahirkan sebelum waktunya atau kita  sebut dengan persalinan prematur.

Test ini dilakukan hanya pada wanita yang beresiko melahirkan bayi premature atau wanita hamil yang memiliki tanda dan gejala persalinan prematur. Test ini berguna untuk membantu meningkatkan kemampuan survive bayi prematur untuk  hidup di luar kandungan. Karena jika ibu terdeteksi hasil test fFN postif maka tenaga kesehatan memiliki waktu untuk pemberian kortikosteroid dalam rangka membantu pematangan paru janin.

Untuk lengkapnya anda dapat link ke situs web di bawah ini:

http://www.parentingweekly.com/pregnancy/pregnancy_information/fetal_fibronectin_test.htm

When you’re in the mood, it’s a sure bet that the last thing on your mind is boosting your immune system or maintaining a healthy weight. Yet good sex offers those health benefits and more.

That’s a surprise to many people, says Joy Davidson, PhD, a New York psychologist and sex therapist. “Of course, sex is everywhere in the media,” she says. “But the idea that we are vital, sexual creatures is still looked at in some cases with disgust or in other cases a bit of embarrassment. So to really take a look at how our sexuality adds to our life and enhances our life and our health, both physical and psychological, is eye-opening for many people.”

Sex does a body good in a number of ways, according to Davidson and other experts. The benefits aren’t just anecdotal or hearsay — each of these 10 health benefits of sex is backed by scientific scrutiny.

Among the benefits of healthy loving in a relationship:

1. Sex Relieves Stress

A big health benefit of sex is lower blood pressure and overall stress reduction, according to researchers from Scotland who reported their findings in the journal Biological Psychology. They studied 24 women and 22 men who kept records of their sexual activity. Then the researchers subjected them to stressful situations — such as speaking in public and doing verbal arithmetic — and noted their blood pressure response to stress.

Those who had intercourse had better responses to stress than those who engaged in other sexual behaviors or abstained.

Another study published in the same journal found that frequent intercourse was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure in cohabiting participants. Yet other research found a link between partner hugs and lower blood pressure in women.

2. Sex Boosts Immunity

Good sexual health may mean better physical health. Having sex once or twice a week has been linked with higher levels of an antibody called immunoglobulin A or IgA, which can protect you from getting colds and other infections. Scientists at Wilkes University in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., took samples of saliva, which contain IgA, from 112 college students who reported the frequency of sex they had.

Those in the “frequent” group — once or twice a week — had higher levels of IgA than those in the other three groups — who reported being abstinent, having sex less than once a week, or having it very often, three or more times weekly.

3. Sex Burns Calories

Thirty minutes of sex burns 85 calories or more. It may not sound like much, but it adds up: 42 half-hour sessions will burn 3,570 calories, more than enough to lose a pound. Doubling up, you could drop that pound in 21 hour-long sessions.

“Sex is a great mode of exercise,” says Patti Britton, PhD, a Los Angeles sexologist and president of the American Association of Sexuality Educators and Therapists. It takes work, from both a physical and psychological perspective, to do it well, she says.

4. Sex Improves Cardiovascular Health

While some older folks may worry that the efforts expended during sex could cause a stroke, that’s not so, according to researchers from England. In a study published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, scientists found frequency of sex was not associated with stroke in the 914 men they followed for 20 years.

And the heart health benefits of sex don’t end there. The researchers also found that having sex twice or more a week reduced the risk of fatal heart attack by half for the men, compared with those who had sex less than once a month.

5. Sex Boosts Self-Esteem

Boosting self-esteem was one of 237 reasons people have sex, collected by University of Texas researchers and published in the Archives of Sexual Behavior.

That finding makes sense to Gina Ogden, PhD, a sex therapist and marriage and family therapist in Cambridge, Mass., although she finds that those who already have self-esteem say they sometimes have sex to feel even better. “One of the reasons people say they have sex is to feel good about themselves,” she tells WebMD. “Great sex begins with self-esteem, and it raises it. If the sex is loving, connected, and what you want, it raises it.”

6. Sex Improves Intimacy

Having sex and orgasms increases levels of the hormone oxytocin, the so-called love hormone, which helps us bond and build trust. Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh and the University of North Carolina evaluated 59 premenopausal women before and after warm contact with their husbands and partners ending with hugs. They found that the more contact, the higher the oxytocin levels.

“Oxytocin allows us to feel the urge to nurture and to bond,” Britton says.

Higher oxytocin has also been linked with a feeling of generosity. So if you’re feeling suddenly more generous toward your partner than usual, credit the love hormone.

7. Sex Reduces Pain

As the hormone oxytocin surges, endorphins increase, and pain declines. So if your headache, arthritis pain, or PMS symptoms seem to improve after sex, you can thank those higher oxytocin levels.

In a study published in the Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 48 volunteers who inhaled oxytocin vapor and then had their fingers pricked lowered their pain threshold by more than half.

8. Sex Reduces Prostate Cancer Risk

Frequent ejaculations, especially in 20-something men, may reduce the risk of prostate cancer later in life, Australian researchers reported in the British Journal of Urology International. When they followed men diagnosed with prostate cancer and those without, they found no association of prostate cancer with the number of sexual partners as the men reached their 30s, 40s, and 50s.

But they found men who had five or more ejaculations weekly while in their 20s reduced their risk of getting prostate cancer later by a third.

Another study, reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association, found that frequent ejaculations, 21 or more a month, were linked to lower prostate cancer risk in older men, as well, compared with less frequent ejaculations of four to seven monthly.

9. Sex Strengthens Pelvic Floor Muscles

For women, doing a few pelvic floor muscle exercises known as Kegels during sex offers a couple of benefits. You will enjoy more pleasure, and you’ll also strengthen the area and help to minimize the risk of incontinence later in life.

To do a basic Kegel exercise, tighten the muscles of your pelvic floor, as if you’re trying to stop the flow of urine. Count to three, then release.

10. Sex Helps You Sleep Better

The oxytocin released during orgasm also promotes sleep, according to research.

And getting enough sleep has been linked with a host of other good things, such as maintaining a healthy weight and blood pressure. Something to think about, especially if you’ve been wondering why your guy can be active one minute and snoring the next.

a. Pengertian Senam Nifas

Senam yang dilakukan pada saat seorang ibu menjalani masa nifas atau masa setelah melahirkan

b. Tujuan Senam Nifas

Ø Mempercepat pemulihan kondisi tubuh ibu setelah melahirkan pada kondisi semula seperti kondisi sebelum hamil

Ø Mencegah komplikasi yang mungkin timbul selama menjalani masa nifas

Ø Memelihara dan memperkuat kekuatan otot perut, otot dasar panggul, serta otot pergerakan

Ø Memperlancar terjadinya proses involusi uteri (kembalinya rahim ke bentuk semula)

Ø Memperbaiki sirkulasi darah, sikap tubuh setelah hamil dan melahirkan, tonus otot pelvis, regangan otot tungkai bawah

Ø Meningkatkan kesadaran untuk melakukan relaksasi otot-otot dasar panggul

c. Syarat Senam Nifas

¥ Waktu pelaksanaan dapat dilakukan sejak hari pertama setelah melahirkan sampai dengan 6 minggu

¥ Keadaan ibu normal sesuai rekomendasi dari tenaga kesehatan

¥ Pakaian senam cukup longgar, nyaman, dan fleksibel

¥ Menggunakan matras atau kasur (tidak di lantai)

¥ Pelaksanan harus dilakukan secara bertahap, sistematis, dan kontinyu.

d. Tata Cara Senam Nifas

Senam nifas dilakukan setiap hari dengan variasi gerakan yang berbeda-beda setiap harinya. Setiap gerakan dapat dilakukan sebanyak 5-10 kali

gerakan-senam-nifas1

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